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Case 0540SignificantApraxia

Moved, Supposedly, Then Deleted

Admitted
2026-10-19
Source dataset
Other / sample
Source
GitHub issue, coding agent deleted personal photos before verifying they were moved
Failure mode
Destructive action
Agent system
Tool-calling
Tool access
Write access
Industry
General or other

Presenting Behaviour

A person asked a coding agent to tidy up a folder of photos that had duplicate year folders (for example '2013' and '2013a'). The agent wrote a script to move the files from the duplicate folders into the main ones, but the script relied on a shell feature that silently doesn't work in the user's shell, so nothing was actually moved. A second script also missed files. The agent then deleted the duplicate folders outright, without checking that the file counts at the destination matched. Around 2,969 irreplaceable personal photos were permanently lost.

Case Replay

A reconstruction, not a simulation. This sequence is reconstructed from the public incident record and summarised in our own words. It is a static record of what was reported, and nothing here can be run or replayed live.

4 steps

  1. Tidy-up requested. Merge duplicate photo year folders into their main counterparts.
  2. Move script fails silently. The script used a shell feature that didn't work in the user's shell, so files were not moved.
  3. Delete without checking. The agent deleted the duplicate folders without comparing file counts at the destination. This is where the agent derailed.
  4. Photos lost. About 2,969 personal photos were permanently deleted.

Differential Diagnosis

Disinhibition (it deleted things it wasn't asked to touch) considered and ruled out. Removing the emptied duplicate folders was a reasonable final step of the tidy-up the user asked for; the deletion was within scope in principle.

Brief psychotic disorder (it confidently claimed success) considered. The agent clearly believed the move had worked, but the report centres on what it did, not a false statement it made to the user.

Apraxia, most consistent with the evidence: the agent knew exactly what the job required (move, then remove the empty source) but could not carry out the move correctly in this environment, and skipped the simple count check that would have revealed the failure before the irreversible step.

Working Diagnosis

Apraxia: correct understanding of the task's steps, paired with a failed execution of the move that went unnoticed because nothing verified it before an irreversible delete.

Discussion

Any 'move then delete' operation hinges on one check: is everything actually at the destination? The safeguard is to compare counts (or better, checksums) before removing the source, and to send deletions of personal files to the recycle bin rather than erasing them outright.

Mitigation Strategy

Verify source and destination file counts match before deleting any source folder; prefer move-to-trash over permanent deletion for user data.

Governance Guardrails

Block recursive deletes of user data directories without a preceding verification step and explicit user confirmation.

Typical Presentation in Human Patients

General clinical background, included for context. Not medical advice, and not a diagnosis of any individual.

Apraxia usually follows damage to specific brain regions, often after a stroke. A person with apraxia cannot carry out a previously familiar, purposeful movement (such as waving goodbye or using a comb) on request or by imitation, even though their muscle strength, coordination, and understanding of what's being asked are otherwise intact.

Source Note

GitHub issue, coding agent deleted personal photos before verifying they were moved

https://github.com/anthropics/claude-code/issues/92737